>1. Люди имеющие опыт практической работы с циммеритом утверждают, что от магнитных мин он не защищает и обмазке подвергались далеко не все поверхности.
А по мнению немцев – защищал, поэтому они его и применяли. Циммерит создавал промежуток между магнитной миной и металлом танка, который существенно уменьшал силу, с которой мина притягивается к танку. При этом вибрация танка, связанная с его движением, оказывалась достаточной, чтобы стряхнуть мину с танка.
>2. Немецких документов подтвержадющих назначение циммерита до сих пор не представлено.
Еще как представлено. См. ниже.
>Противомагнитное назначение циммерита - не более чем предположение экспертов, производивших осмотр трофейных танков.
Да они, скорее всего, просто допросили немецких танкистов и узнали от них о назначении циммерита.
А вот что сказано на эту тему в книге "Sturmgeschutz & its Variants", которую написал Шпильбергер, а для комплекта отредактировал Йенц:
Zimmerit Protective Coating
As related in the following report, measures were intro¬duced to prevent the enemy from effectively using magnetic charges against armored vehicles. A teletype message dated June 30, 1943:
Subj: Protective Measures Against Magnetic Charges Ref: Demonstration at Kummersdorf on 5 and 8 June 1943 Field testing of the effectiveness of protective coatings against magnetic charges and projectiles will be conducted using a protective coating invented by the ZIMMER firm. Field testing has been ordered by the 7.Panzer Division in Heeres Gruppe Mitte and the 4.Panzer Division in Heeres Gruppe Siid.
Chef H Rust and BdE are asked to send the appropriate materials and installation personnel to the 7. and 4. Panzer Divisions.
Gen. St. d H/Ord. Abt. (Ill b) Nr 35590/43 geh. The Panzer officer on staff with the Chef, General Stab des Heeres summarized in the following report dated 2 July 1943:
Subject: Protective Substances for Countering Magnetic Charges
I) Trial by the Heereswaffenamt in January of 1943 have determined the following to be effective countermeasures against magnetic charges:
1.) Coating the armor to a thickness of 3 to 5 mm with cement milk or cement mixed with fine gravel.
2.) Covering with bitumen or tar which has fine gravel spread on top (not particularly suited to hot climates).
3.)Thickly applying oil products (bitumen, tar, oils, etc.) keeping in mind the same limitations as in number 2.
4.) A very thickly applied coat of paint (2-3mm) can suffice. This method may not be effective.
5.) In the winter, when it is very cold, water can be poured over the vehicle causing ice to thickly form. This makes it impossible for magnetic charges to stick.
The troops were informed of these methods in a message dated 9 February 1943 from the General der Schnellen Truppen.
The only truly workable method as listed under number 1 above, that concerning tar, was rejected by the troops due to the danger of fire.
II. Further testing has resulted in a protective substance which was shown during a demonstration on 5 and 6 June 1943 in Kummersdorf.
Protective Coating for Fully-Tracked Armored Vehicles
In order to prevent magnetic charges being attached, a "Zimmerit" protective coating is to be applied to the armored vehicles on the Pz.Kpfw.III and Pz.Kpfw.IV chassis, to the Pz.Kpfw.Panther and Pz.Kpfw.Tiger, to the Sturmgeschutz, to the Pz.Jag 38, for the 7.5cm Pak 40/3 (Sf) and Pz.Jag.Hornisse as well as on the G.W.II, G.W.38 and G.W.III/IV.
The following are general application guidelines:
a) Zimmerit is to be applied to all sloped and vertical armor surfaces on the chassis and superstructure, even under the Schiirzen side skirts.
b) Portions to remain without protective coating include: Schurzen side skirts on the hull and turret, turret and superstructure roofs and the commander's cupola, bottom of the hull, horizontal fenders, removable equipment and spare parts, mufflers, lights and blackout headlights, etc., as well as portions of the armor which are covered by permanent or removable parts (such as the running gear and externally mounted tools and equipment).
The Zimmerit protective coating is to be applied as follows:
Thoroughly clean the areas to be covered. If applied directly onto the rust-preventing undercoating, the undercoating must be completely dry.
Thinly apply a first coat of Zimmerit with a putty knife.
Apply the spackling, creating small squares, leaving surrounding borders approximately 5 mm wide (Sketch 1).
Allow the mixture to dry for four hours.
Heat with a blow torch to harden the surface. Stroke the surface lightly with the blow torch flame, not holding it too close to the surface, so that the coating is not burned (about 5 mm distant).
Using the putty knife, apply a second, approximately 4mm thick layer in squares, as in sketch number 2.
Use the putty knife to create closely spaced ridges, by pressing the putty knife down at short intervals to form a waved surface pattern.
Let the protective coating dry overnight.
The next day, harden the surface once again with the blow torch, as in number 5.
Approximate amounts of Zimmerit needed for each vehicle:
Sturmgeschiitz approx. 70kg
Panzerkampfwagen IV approx. 100kg
Panzerkampfwagen Panther approx. 160kg
Panzerkampfwagen Tiger approx. 200kg
Zimmerit is not to be thinned before working, unless it has mistakenly been allowed to thicken. Only when thickening has occurred should the accompanying thinning agent be utilized. Camouflage paint can be sprayed directly onto the surface of dried Zimmerit without any further preparations necessary. The con¬tainers should be stored closed. A mixture which has become hard cannot be used, because the application will crumble. Containers which have been broken open or cracked are to be covered with wet cloth or sacks.
Zimmerit is to be obtained from the Heeres-Panzer Zeugamt Konigsborn-Magdeburg, as well as at assigned armor spare parts depots.
O.K.H. (Ch H Rust u. BdE), 23.12.1943 76 g Nr. 16975/43 In 6 (Z/Ing).
MIAG started applying Zimmerit protective coating toward the end of September 1943. Contrary to instructions, the coating was applied in a pattern of small squares with dimple impressions made in each square. For unknown reasons, perhaps due to time constraints, ALKETT delayed the application of the Zimmerit until the end of November/beginning of December of 1943. ALKETT also deviated from the instructions by creating "waffle" patterns in the Zimmerit.
An order to the assembly firms dated September 9 1944 stated: Effective immediately, the Zimmerit protective coating against magnetic charges was no longer to be applied to newly manufactured armored vehicles.
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Ре: Вопросы к... - Дмитрий Козырев13.03.2013 10:41:35 (78, 807 b)
_Zimmerit_Application.jpg "Циммерит")